Research conducted by Cheng (1982) has demonstrated that the application of microcurrent stimulation significantly enhances ATP production, increasing it by approximately 500%, while also elevating amino acid transport by 30-40%. Conversely, the use of milli-amperage, as seen in traditional TENS units frequently employed in sports, has been shown to either deplete ATP generation or render it undetectable, with amino acid uptake decreasing by 20-73% and protein synthesis being inhibited by up to 50%. Furthermore, studies indicate that devices utilizing higher voltage electrical stimulation can hinder the healing process, whereas those with lower amperage are beneficial in promoting healing.